Commercialization and De-Risking for Agricultural Transformation Project (Руанда - Тендер #51560719)

NOTICE AT-A-GLANCE

• Project ID

P171462

• Project Title

Commercialization and De-Risking for Agricultural Transformation Project

• Country

Rwanda

• Notice No

OP00274322

• Notice Type

Request for Expression of Interest

• Notice Status

Published

• Borrower Bid Reference

RW-RAB-322361-CS-QCBS

• Procurement Method

Quality And Cost-Based Selection

• Language of Notice

English

• Submission Deadline Date/Time

Mar 07, 2024 10:00

• Published Date

Feb 19, 2024

• CONTACT INFORMATION
• Organization/Department

CDAT

• Name

Sarah Nyiramutangwa

• Address

Kigali-Rwanda

• City

• Province/State

Rwanda

• Postal Code

• Country

Rwanda

• Phone

+250788615789

• Email

sarah.nyiramutangwa@rab.gov.rw

• Website

The Government of Rwanda has received financing from the International Development Association (IDA) toward the cost of the Commercialization and De-risking for Agricultural Transformation (CDAT) Project and intends to apply part of the proceeds for consulting services of hiring a Consultancy firm to undertake feasibility and detailed design study for irrigation development works of Mwogo marshland.

The Terms of Reference (TOR) related to this assignment are attached to this request for expressions of interest.

The Rwanda Agriculture and Animal Resources Development Board (RAB) / Commercialization and De-risking for Agricultural Transformation (CDAT) Project now invites eligible consulting firms (“Consultants”) to indicate their interest in providing the above Services. Interested Consultants should provide information demonstrating that they have the required qualifications and relevant experience to perform the Services. Expression of Interest (EOI) will include: core business and years in business, relevant experience, technical and managerial capability of the firm.

The shortlisting criteria are:

• The firm should have at least ten (10) years of general experience in Consultancy Services and two (2) specific references proven by completion certificate and signed contract in dam and feasibility and detailed studies on irrigation projects.

The shortlist will contain five (5) to eight (8) firms.

The attention of interested Consultants is drawn to Section III, paragraphs, 3.14, 3.16, and 3.17 of the World Bank’s “Procurement Regulations for IPF Borrowers” Fourth Edition November, 2020 (“Procurement Regulations”), setting forth the World Bank’s policy on conflict of interest.

Consultants may associate with other firms to enhance their qualifications, but should indicate clearly whether the association is in the form of a joint venture and/or a sub-consultancy. In the case of a joint venture, all the partners in the joint venture shall be jointly and severally liable for the entire contract, if selected.

A Consultant will be selected in accordance with the criteria set out in the Request for Proposals.

Expressions of interest must be delivered through e-procurement system on www.umucyo.gov.rw by the time indicated in the system.

TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR PREFEASIBILITY AND FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR MWOGO IRRIGATION PROJCET IN NYANZA (1,162 HA)

PROJECT BACKGROUND

The World Bank approved $300 million in financing under the International Development Association’s (IDA’s) grant, credit, and Scale Up Window to help the Government of Rwanda increase the use of irrigation and commercialization among producers and agribusiness firms in supported value chains, and to increase access to agricultural finance.

The Commercialization and De-Risking for Agricultural Transformation Project (CDAT) will support the Government to provide services and create an enabling environment for the private actors throughout the agricultural value chain. It will finance public investments in the seeds sector, develop and rehabilitate irrigation systems on over 17,600 ha, provide accompanying land husbandry development on about 11,000 ha in surrounding water catchment areas to increase productivity and promote climate smart agriculture.

The project will also support commercialization by helping farmers’ access markets and availing matching grants for investments in mechanization, post-harvest infrastructure and processing equipment. A CDAT challenge fund will invest in particularly innovative solutions for the sector that can be brought to scale. The project is nationwide and is foreseen to directly benefit at least 235,000 households, including women and youth. In partnership with financial institutions, the Commercialization and De-Risking for Agricultural Transformation Project will seek to enhance access to affordable financial services and products in the agricultural sector by providing short and long-term financing and reducing risks and challenges faced by agricultural value chains through strengthening market linkages and scaling up agriculture insurance.

One of the projects being considered for implementation by CDAT is the development of marshland areas along the Mwogo River mainly in Nyanza District downstream of the existing rice scheme in Huye District. A Prefeasibility Study is required to consider alternatives for developing this marshland, and if reasonable alternatives are found a Feasibility Study then is needed to determine the most viable alternative.

Mwogo - General Location

OBJECTIVE OF THE ASSIGNMENT

Rwanda’s economy relies heavily on agriculture as a sector contributing around 30% to the GDP. Nearly 70% of the rural population is employed in agriculture. The Government of Rwanda in its national policies clearly indicates agriculture as a vehicle for economic growth. The National Strategy of Transformation and PSTA IV emphasize agriculture development as a means to achieve the goal of poverty reduction and ensuring food security.

The goal of the project is to develop financially sustainable irrigation and drainage services, and increase farmers’ agricultural revenue in the project area.

The overall objective of the study is to undertake a Prefeasibility and Feasibility Study to develop flood control and irrigation for the marshlands along Mwogo River. The study must meet the World Bank project appraisal requirements and should consider multipurpose development opportunities and ensure they are technically feasible, economically and financially viable, socially acceptable and environmentally sustainable.

The specific objectives of the assignment are to carry out relevant technical investigations and studies comprising of water resources (hydrologic and hydro-geologic) assessment, socio-economic assessment, agricultural soils and agronomic studies, irrigation water requirements, topographical surveys, geotechnical investigations, hydraulic studies and design, and undertake pre-feasibility and feasibility studies for developing flood control and irrigation of the marshlands along Mwogo River mainly in Nyanza District. Similarly, the studies will determine the needs/demands and the potential for multipurpose infrastructure development.

The study will be carried out in two phases; prefeasibility and feasibility. The prefeasibility study will select, examine, and rank various alternatives for flood control and developing community-based irrigation scheme(s). If the prefeasibility study results in alternatives that seem reasonable to the Client, then the Consultant will proceed with the feasibility study. The feasibility study will examine selected alternatives and provide design drawings, cost estimates, and economic analyses sufficiently accurate to enable decisions to be made on project viability. In addition, the definition of the project components, organizational arrangements and procedures will be detailed enough to permit the executing agencies to use the study as guidance on project implementation.

The Consultant should take into consideration the World Bank policies, guidelines and safeguards requirements, especially those for environmental and social impact assessment as well as dam safety to prepare the studies.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

General

The study will entail prefeasibility and feasibility studies that include preparation of designs, cost estimates, and implementation arrangements for the finally agreed development alternative for flood control and irrigation development, multipurpose infrastructure and watershed management associated with the project. The pre-feasibility and feasibility studies will comprise analyses related to: (a) basin-wide water resources (qualitative and quantitative), (b) drainage and flood management, (c) watershed management plan, (d) topographic survey, (e) geologic and geotechnical investigations, (f) soils and agronomy, (g) cropping patterns and crop water requirements, (h) headwork (dam/diversion and/or pump) and related multipurpose hydraulic structures, (i) irrigation infrastructure, (j) overall agricultural potential and support services including market and value chain development for maximum water resource use (l) land tenure, (m) environmental and social analyses, (o) institutional analysis, (p) water management and operation and maintenance, and (q) economic and financial analysis in close consultation with farmer communities and other stakeholders. This project must adhere with international best practice, policies/guidelines and safeguards.

The Consultant shall define in consultation with the Client and other stakeholders the scope of the project options, assess the practicability of the development, and provide the basis for decision making on the choice of design options. The Consultant shall define the benefits (direct and indirect) and costs, and determine financial feasibility, economic justification and cost recovery. The Consultant will adopt participatory approaches to ensure the optimal involvement of stakeholders from national to community levels, during the study. In planning and scheduling of the tasks, the Consultant should note that not all tasks will be conducted in linear fashion and the Consultant should propose a schedule on how the tasks can be scheduled to meet the objectives of the assignment and for optimal linkage/sequencing.

Project Description

The Mwogo River is one of the main tributaries to the Nyabarongo and Akagera Rivers with its catchment extending into Nyungwe Forest and the furthest source of the Nile. Just upstream of the proposed site there is an existing scheme in Huye District that irrigates about 360 ha of rice. The proposed new area begins at the border with Nyanza District and runs 22 km downstream all the way through the District and into Ruhango and Nyambagabe Districts. Several tributaries enter the Mwogo along the way with the Rukarara being the most significant which includes some irrigation areas that are within the scope of the study. In total there are about 1,096 ha of gross area to be considered for new development and 66 ha in the upstream scheme which needs improvements (see figure below).

The main difficulty in developing this long, narrow, and flat command area is the frequent and heavy flooding which of course increases as you move downstream and a number of tributaries join. The following table gives the watershed areas and slopes of each section of the river.

Dry season flows in the streams are high and may be enough to irrigate a significant portion of the marshland without the need for a storage dam, but if a dam is proposed for flood control, it could also be used to support storage needs for a larger irrigation area.

The lowest 66 ha of the existing upstream scheme has flooding problems that is a result of the flat slope in this area and the restriction caused by the bridge at the downstream end.

Existing and potential areas to be developed on Mwogo and Rukarara Rivers

Diversion weir, main drain, and irrigation for Existing Upstream Rice Scheme

Farmers in proposed area struggle to grow potatoes and rice between flood seasons

Tasks to be executed for the Prefeasibility Study

The Consultant shall:

• Collect relevant studies, data and information including; catchment management plans (if available), basin strategy reports, investment planning reports and bankable project planning reports, as well as review reports from previous studies and national policies related to water resources, irrigation and agricultural development. The Consultant should screen and synthesize the data and establish project databank related to policies, institutions, existing infrastructures, hydrology and meteorology, topography and maps, geology, agronomy (assess the current production levels (output) against the existing potential and future projections after the development of the flood control and irrigation infrastructure), agricultural and engineering soils, multipurpose aspects, agriculture and its services, input/output markets, possible positive and negative environmental impacts and socio-economic conditions for use in further analysis.
• Carry out field reconnaissance missions to the site including upstream watersheds as well as downstream areas likely to be affected by the project to collect data and identify issues to be addressed by the project. Following this exercise, the Consultant shall formulate project plans based on available relevant data and information, as well as employ planning parameters and criteria.
• As this site is characterized with having relatively high rainfall, high stream base flows, narrow valley floor, and very high flood flows with low drainage slopes, a broad range of alternatives shall be considered including the following:
• Drainage only (no dams or surface irrigation systems); improve the drainage throughout the project area. Consider deepening, widening, and providing embankments along the main drains to channel floods through the site, and include pipe drains through the embankments with flap gates to drain the secondary drains in the cropped areas to the river after floods recede. Consider providing adjustable check structures in the secondary drains or subsurface drain pipes with control vales to assist with groundwater level control for subsurface irrigation especially during the dry seasons.
• Irrigation and drainage (no dams); improve the drainage as above but including stream diversion surface irrigation systems with intake structures and periphery canals. The areas to be irrigated should be maximized according to the dry season reliable flows available.
• Dam, irrigation and drainage; improve the drainage and provide irrigation as above but with reduced drain sizes and embankments due to flood control from the dam(s) and possibly increased irrigated areas due to available water stored in the dam(s).
• Due to the long and narrow nature of this site with increasing flood flows and decreasing slopes as you move downstream through the site, the Consultant should consider dividing the site into sections and applying the most appropriate of the above alternatives for each section.
• For the “side valleys” shown in the Figure above, consider gravity irrigation systems for these areas by diverting the tributary streams, or where either head or tributary flows are not sufficient, consider solar pumped irrigation systems from the canals.
• Review the design study for the existing upstream site and consider alternatives to address the flooding and irrigation issues in the downstream section.
• Review the hydro-meteorological station network and propose a robust hydro-meteorological data collection network for both the pre and post construction phases of the schemes to enhance better understanding and monitoring of the water flux in the catchment. This information must be evaluated to determine its validity for use throughout the development of the project.
• Collect and analyze all hydrological and agro-meteorological data for the site, to determine flood flows for relevant return periods, river flows (including base, average, and one-in-five dry year), rainfall (average, one-in-five dry year on monthly basis for stream diversion and annual basis for reservoir simulations), and any other required analyses including the impacts of climate change.
• Determine Irrigation Water Requirements by evaluating irrigation water demands under the most optimal scenario (supplementary and/or dry season irrigation) for the basic design parameters generated by the tasks above. The Consultant shall:
• Collect all the existing available agro-meteorological data for the project areas required for estimation of crop and irrigation water requirements of the scheme;
• Verify the reliability and accuracy of data, and make corrections as necessary before use, quality analysis of collected data and gap filling of missing data using appropriate standard approaches and techniques is necessary;
• Carry out “Agro-climatological assessment” where the Consultant shall review available climatic data and make estimates of farm and project level irrigation requirements for viable crops, cropping patterns and crop rotations and irrigation technologies to be adopted, using all available agro-meteorological data for the project area and the FAO CROPWAT methodology or similar approach acceptable to CDAT;
• Prepare preliminary estimates of the availability of water for irrigation at a 20 percent risk of failure paying special attention to daily low flows and taking account of all prior commitments upstream and downstream.
• Deduce the peak irrigation water demand supported by analysis of different cropping patterns in the respective project areas for the purposes of fixing conveyance canal/pipe design; and
• Deduce irrigation water requirements at salient intervals for deciding the cropping pattern in order to compare with water availability.
• Carry out preliminary mapping of the sites, based on satellite imagery and limited ground inspection, at scales of 1:25 000 and 1:10 000 with 10 m and 2 m contour intervals, respectively. The mapping will indicate the main infrastructure including roads, electricity power-line poles, settlements, schools, and the like. A full topographic survey will be required at Feasibility.
• Review all available documentation on the soils and carry out an initial interpretation of the soils of the command area. A full soil survey will be required at Feasibility.
• Identify potentially irrigable land taking account of soils, topography, distance from water source (horizontally and vertically) for gravity water delivery to various types of irrigation technology (such as surface irrigation in the marshland, pressurized system on hillside along main canal and so on). Identify any physical and/or fertility constraints that would require special treatment.
• Prepare outline designs of various alternatives for flood control and irrigation water supply, taking account of flood flows, irrigation demands, availability of water, effects of climate change, and O&M issues and costs.
• Prepare outline designs of various alternatives for irrigation water application technologies, taking into account of water productivity and cost effectiveness of installation.
• The environmental specialist shall examine design alternatives with an emphasis on recommended mitigation measures.
• Identify the other main infrastructure needs, including roads, bridges, power lines and so on and prepare preliminary cost estimates for the same.
• In consultation with the local authorities and potential beneficiaries, identify the needs for land titling, consolidation and resettlement.
• Carry out a preliminary financial analysis for each alternative, at farm and scheme level to confirm financial viability, farmers’ capacity to pay the full O&M costs plus any capital recovery that may be decided, and returns to labour.
• Assess existing situation of Water Rights and provide recommendations for action by CDAT as appropriate.
• Indicate specific areas that may have to be considered in more detail at the full feasibility stage and any major constraints and issues that will require resolution before the alternatives are taken to full feasibility with, where possible, recommendations as to how and by whom action is required, specifying an appropriate timeframe.
• The Consultant will identify new better alternatives or make improvements to existing ones. Based on the above steps, the Consultant will then recommend the most suitable alternatives.
• The Consultant will prepare a weighted alternatives selection criteria list to be used for ranking all identified alternatives including social, environmental, technical, and economic criteria. This list should be included in the inception report.
• From these analyses and considering the Project objectives the Consultant shall prepare the Prefeasibility report.

Before proceeding to the Feasibility phase, selected alternatives from Prefeasibility will be compared and analyzed to determine the most suitable to be further studied in the feasibility phase.

Tasks to be executed for the Feasibility Study

The scope of the services of the consultancy, during the development of the Feasibility Study, shall contain, but not be limited to the following:

Socio-economic surveys

The purpose of this assessment is to understand the socio-economic profile of the beneficiary and potentially affected communities, to enable project design to meet their development needs and mitigate negative impacts. This assessment shall serve as a baseline which will help project planning, diagnostic monitoring and impact evaluation purposes that should result into:

• understanding of the area’s social and economic background, socio-economic profile of the communities and the social structure and institutions;
• understanding of the process of socio-economic differentiation, impoverishment and wealth such as livestock, land etc.;
• understanding of the constraints that inhibit livelihoods and livelihood development which can be potentially addressed by targeted flood control and irrigation development interventions; and
• collection of statistically reliable descriptive data on those parameters which the project intends to influence, such as health, gender, production and household incomes at the baseline and project completion.

Using internationally recognized methodologies/standards, the Consultant shall:

• undertake a stakeholder analysis of the project area;
• carry out broad socio-economic surveys;
• carry out a broad analysis of gender issues;
• profile the potential beneficiaries to benefit from the proposed mega irrigation development activities;
• identify categories of vulnerable groups specific to impacts from the project and activities that will adversely affect them;
• review land policy, land cadastre, land use and possible impacts on land-based livelihoods, as well as potential land acquisition/aggregation and likely scale of resettlement;
• recognize specific socio-economic, institutional and other constraints that can be potentially addressed in the proposed projects; and
• identify possible barriers to project execution and completion.

The information obtained from the surveys will be used as a baseline for conducting a project socio-economic impact assessment. Combined with other technical studies, the outcome of this task should be adequate enough to be used as input for “with project” and “without project” scenario evaluations at economic and financial analysis stage.

In addition, the Consultant will identify the project communication needs and propose the appropriate communication strategy using the above information.

Water Resources Assessment and Sediment Studies

Assessment of Water Resources Availability

The task objective is to assess the water resources availability to satisfy the estimated uses and demands and to match the water availability at monthly time segment with the demands.

The Consultant shall:

• determine the current and potential future water uses and demands for the identified water uses, together with their seasonality, levels of services, priority of use and cumulative effects;
• assess and quantify any upstream water uses (abstractions/diversions) and their impacts to the proposed project;
• assess the quantity and quality of both the surface and groundwater potential and availability and examine potential for managing groundwater levels for subsurface irrigation in an environmentally sustainable manner; and
• estimate optimal demands for the various water uses with the available water resources, without adversely affecting downstream users.

Based on the analysis, the Consultant will match the water availability for each time segment with the irrigation needs and other demands at different levels of probability using appropriate hydrological techniques.

With respect to groundwater, the Consultant should also assess:

• the future ground water regime and behavior after the development of irrigation in the project area;
• impacts on the ground water table due to seepage and percolation and drainage from the irrigation canals; and
• drainage control, groundwater table, and ground water quality control measures that need to be incorporated later into the detailed design of the project.

Hydrological Analysis

The Consultant shall:

• undertake hydrological analyses such as rainfall-runoff modelling to estimate reservoir yield, flood routing and attenuations, reservoir loss analysis and water balance, and inflow design flood to facilitate the design and sizing of different hydraulic structures of any dam, flood control, or drainage works;
• determine the flow duration curves to facilitate the design of hydraulic structures;
• adopt appropriate hydrological modelling techniques to derive the required design flows and other hydrological information from the nearest available gauging stations, rainfall records, where sufficient hydro-meteorological data are not available;
• assess the spatial and seasonal fluctuations of climatic variables on the hydrological characteristics of the site;
• assess the effects of the proposed storage on existing uses;
• undertake flood routing through the downstream channel and floodplain to enable evaluation of effects in the event of excessive spills or dam break (hydrological dam safety considerations); and
• establish stream gauging stations according to guidelines and approval from the Rwanda Water Board at appropriate locations in the watershed where data can be collected to support the design and continue after project implementation.

Sediment Analysis

In view of the existing concerns of land degradation and erosion within the project areas, the Consultant will assess the sediment regime and total sediment transport of the river system in the project areas. This will include determination of the sediment (suspended and bedload) yield. Additional sediment data shall be collected during the course of the consultancy, forecasting of dead storage volume and the future rate of reduction of the live storage and reservoir trap efficiency, which will require limited sediment sampling to the extent possible.

Other than design against the storage depletion, this analysis should also aid the subsequent design against increased loads on the dam, abrasion of outlet structures and blockage of outlets which could cause interruption water uses and reducing the ability of the dam to pass floods safely. It will also help to determine dead storage and sediment flushing outlet levels.

Sediment load estimates should include projections of changes in upstream sediment release, based on upstream development plans.

Water Quality and Quantity Assessment

The Consultant will provide a detailed assessment and evaluation of the direct and indirect effects of water quality and water quantity change on downstream ecosystems dependent on periodic natural flooding, water quality during low flow periods, turbidity due to changes in sediment transport regime, social considerations (like loss of water access and livelihoods), cumulative effects and any potential riparian issues (in the river catchment and downstream of the proposed irrigation schemes) due to the proposed developments to inform devising of mitigation measures.

Collect samples of water from run-of-river flows, assess quality for agricultural use and, if practical and economic, propose measures for amelioration.

Irrigable Command Area Design

Irrigation Potential Assessment

The objective of this task is to identify/verify, evaluate and physically delineate the areas that can be potentially developed for irrigated agriculture. The area which can potentially be irrigated depends primarily on the ability to control floods but also on the availability and suitability of soil/land and water, combined with the irrigation water requirements, and crops and cropping patterns that are feasible.

The Consultant shall first evaluate and fully understand the problems of the upstream existing rice irrigation scheme, and prepare a report on recommended improvements for this scheme with particular attention to the lowest 66 ha which suffers prolonged flooding, and the main intake weir structure which is damaged from downstream erosion. This report shall provide sufficient detail to guide the Client in preparing the terms of reference for a design study to improve this scheme.

One of the irrigation methods to be considered especially in the most wet/flat areas is subsurface irrigation by controlling the water level in the drains to maintain a groundwater level near the bottom of the crop root zone.

This task will thus include:

• evaluation of the existing upstream rice scheme;
• evaluation of flood control options;
• evaluation of potential crops and cropping patterns (with and without rice);
• assessment of land suitability for irrigation;
• evaluation of irrigation water requirements; and
• assessment of water resources availability and options for developing water resources in the locality to meet the irrigation demand.
• Soil Survey and Land Suitability Study

The Consultant shall:

• undertake a semi-detailed soil survey for the delineated irrigable command area, using appropriate sampling and observations in conformity with guidelines for soil surveys of Food and Agriculture Organization; Soils Bulletin No. 55, "Guidelines: Land evaluation for irrigated agriculture" (FAO, 1985). The density of observation points required for the command area is two (2) groups of samples per 100Ha. Each group consists of two (2) composite samples taken from 0-30cm and 30-60 cm depths. In the event that any of the areas are considered unsuitable, for irrigation/drainage, carry out any necessary additional soil surveys to identify and propose alternative more suitable areas.
• prepare soil maps on an appropriate scale based on the soil surveys; and
• collect and analyze soil samples required for the determination of standard physical and chemical properties of the soils required for evaluation of irrigation water requirements and soil suitability for the proposed crops as well as establish proper drainage modules for the project to affect the design of the drainage system. The Consultant shall take appropriate measures to verify and ensure the quality and reliability of test results using accredit laboratories.

The Consultant shall then:

• develop a suitable land classification system for assessment of irrigability and drainability;
• critically evaluate and analyze findings of the topographic, soil surveys and land characteristics; and
• identify and delineate irrigation blocks and areas in terms of suitability for irrigated agriculture development.
• Evaluation of Crops, Cropping Patterns and Markets

The Consultants shall collect baseline information on the type of soils, topography and land-use patterns; analyse water-use patterns (rain-fed crops, irrigated crops, drainage, surface and groundwater extraction); examine existing field-crop production and soil management practices; establish and delineate major cropping pattern zones (considering types of irrigated crops grown, crop calendar and cropping intensity); propose schedules of crops for consideration; estimate expected yields and crop water requirements for alternative cropping programs, and examine the existing Agricultural Support Services. The assessment will cover:

• the production and performance of the existing crops based on the current cropping patterns;
• the potential of commercially oriented production systems based on the available markets in the surrounding shopping centres, other urban markets such as Kigali and the neighboring countries in the region;
• the most profitable value chains that can be developed or upscaled in the proposed irrigation schemes;
• availability of competent service providers for technical advisory services, agro-input dealers, financial services (savings and credit/loans), agro-processors, traders/aggregators and warehousing among others which will be needed for extension support to the project’s producer organizations;
• the margins of the top five commodity value chains;
• potential market for the top five commodity value chain in terms of the volumes and monetary value;
• determination as to whether irrigation should be supplemental or major irrigation (for all crops or combination for selected crops);
• the ownership structure of farms including consulting the potential irrigation farmers;
• constraints on farm productivity;
• the market potential of the possible crops within and around the project areas;
• the potential for increased competitiveness of its products including an analysis of the comparative advantage of the project areas;
• availability of and accessibility to input supplies, storage, technology, finance, input markets, transport and distribution networks;
• option for farm mechanization, product storage, handling and transportation,
• availability of output market (incl. potential for grower/out-grower linkages) and
• Value chain and Climate Smart agriculture.

The Consultant will also analyse the gender division of labour in irrigated agricultural production for each socio-economic group, identify the needs of both women and men related to proposed agricultural activities. Based on the analysis, the Consultant shall formulate the cropping and irrigated agriculture development plans for the proposed schemes including the potential distribution of land areas between the small-scale individual farms and large-scale commercial farms. Also identify suitable and appropriate cropping patterns for each type, estimate farm level crop production volumes, input and production costs, farm budget as well as gross and net returns, and generate incremental benefit estimations for use in the feasibility level economic and financial analyses.

• Propose Farm Models

Propose preliminary farm models with options for type of operation (i.e. from smallholder farmer plus family labor, to emergent commercial farmer with hired labor and large scale mechanized commercial farmer), considering private and government owned land, options and need for relocation of farmers, options for O&M service providers, options for external investors, etc.

• Determination of Irrigation Water Requirement

The aim of this task is to evaluate irrigation water demand under the most optimal scenario (supplementary and/or major irrigation) for the basic design parameters generated by the tasks above. The Consultant shall:

• collect all the existing available agro-meteorological data for the project areas required for estimation of crop and irrigation water requirements of the scheme;
• verify the reliability and accuracy of data, and make corrections as necessary before use, quality analysis of collected data and gap filling of missing data using appropriate standard approaches and techniques is necessary;
• carry out “Agro-climatological assessment” where the Consultant shall review available climatic data and make estimates of farm and project level irrigation requirements for viable crops, cropping patterns and crop rotations and irrigation technologies to be adopted, using all available agro-meteorological data for the project area;
• deduce the peak irrigation water demand supported by analysis of different cropping patterns in the respective project areas for the purposes of fixing conveyance canal/pipe design; and
• deduce irrigation water requirements at salient intervals for deciding the cropping pattern in order to compare with water availability.

Preparation of Topographic Maps

The Consultant shall prepare:

• ground survey based topographic maps of the flood control/irrigation areas to be studied, extending at least 100m beyond the perimeters with an appropriate scale and point density (to be approved by the Client) to accurately generate no greater than 0.25m contour intervals;
• use these maps to evaluate the topographic features which would influence design and layout of the flood control and irrigation alternatives and locations of major hydraulic structures including main irrigation canals/pipelines and drainage systems, and location(s) of potential irrigation supply sources (e.g. dam, river diversion etc.).

Command Area Development

The scope for command area development will include the following:

• analysis of flood protection, land reclamation, leveling and drainage works required to ensure sustained economic operation of the command areas;
• determination of access road requirement both to and within the area; and
• preparation of general layout plans showing the location and principal features of main works required for the most suitable irrigation supply and drainage system alternatives using the appropriate scale and contour interval.

The Consultant shall examine the reliability of water supply, considering the various existing and future water uses and identify appropriate water conveyance systems for different sections of the irrigation system to supply water to all parts of the land to be developed and recommend appropriate irrigation methods best suited for the command area. To adapt against potential adverse impacts of climate change and improve water management and use efficiency, the Consultant is expected to introduce such recent innovative water distribution options as using pipes for secondary and tertiary canals which allow for flow measurement, and regulating reservoirs which provide improved control of the main canal and reduce end spillage.

Moreover, the Consultant shall locate suitable irrigation water diversion structures in the command area and investigate pumping, storage or diversion requirements and reservoir operations required for irrigation with due consideration of floods and siltation in the command area.

Irrigation System Engineering Design

The Consultant will prepare preliminary designs for major structural and hydraulic elements of the proposed irrigation system, including, the water conveyance system, on-farm water distribution system, drainage canals system, flood protection and control considering both structural and hydraulic safety.

The Consultant shall take into consideration intensive labour engagement and use of local construction capability in case labour is available and local materials during the design as necessary. The Consultant shall prepare the layouts and drawings of the different project components using AutoCAD software. The Consultant shall also prepare a schedule of quantities in line with the latest Civil Engineering Standard Methods of Measurement (CESMM), for use in preliminary cost estimates and the economic and financial analysis.

Determination and design of other infrastructures of multipurpose uses

The Consultant shall assess the demand and the development potential and prepare preliminary studies to introduce such multipurpose infrastructures as domestic water supply systems, hydropower plants (incl. associated hydro-mechanical appurtenances), livestock water supply, and fish farming as an integral part of each scheme as appropriate. Specialized studies and detailed analysis shall be carried out for each aspects (water supply system and/or hydropower) of the multipurpose schemes.

Flood Control/Storage Dams Preliminary Design

Based on the need for flood control and water demand for irrigation and multipurpose requirements, and resource availability, the Consultant will prepare preliminary designs of proposed dams including the following:

Task 6-1: Reservoir Studies and Operating rules

The Consultant will develop reservoir operating rules based on the assessment of multipurpose benefits of the storage. Iterative reservoir simulation models shall be developed to assess different combinations of multipurpose uses and project scenarios so as to derive an optimum water allocation solution, and to calculate the benefits in the economic analysis for each project scenario. Specifically, the Consultant shall determine:

• the optimum reservoir size and operational rules;
• efficient and economic uses of the reservoirs; and
• the lifespan of the reservoir based on the assessment of multi-purpose benefits of the storage.

The operating rules should maximize the returns on investment in storage. The Consultant shall consider the prioritized multipurpose uses of the reservoir and environmental flows. The study should also explore the impact of climate change on the proposed projects and its intended outcomes.

Task 6-2: Topographical Surveys

This task aims to establish the following:

• configuration of the dam site and reservoir area,
• accessibility to the dam site,
• accessibility to construction material sources, as a means towards confirmation of dam type and appurtenant structures selection, and
• influence on type, layout, and downstream inundation in the selection of the spillway.

The Consultant will carry out topographical surveys with appropriate contour intervals for use in planning and capturing specific site features such as the proposed dam axis, spillway area, energy dissipation area, reservoir extent, surface area-volume-depth relationship, river channel profiles, and location of proposed intake for irrigation, water supply, hydropower, livestock and fish farming as appropraite. The survey will also capture site features such as existing infrastructure within the vicinity of the proposed dams and reservoir areas (roads, buildings, bridges, power lines, etc.), trees and vegetation, rock outcrops, etc.

Prospective borrow areas for construction materials and aggregates shall be shown at a scale of 1:2,000 on high-resolution orthophoto based maps. The Consultant shall survey cross-sections of the rivers and their flood plains with the project areas at intervals and locations deemed relevant for incorporation in the mathematical hydraulic models of the rivers for purposes of routing floods in the event of extreme spillway releases. Topographic survey on the reservoir area extent shall be done to an appropriate scale with contour intervals of no less than 0.5m up to an elevation of maximum water level + 10m. Dam design plan and cross section drawings shall be prepared at a scale of 1:100 indicating the pertinent features to the head works.

Task 6-3: Geological and Geotechnical Investigations

Geological investigations will be conducted with a combination of geophysical explorations and test pits at reasonable intervals to determine:

• the general geologic and tectonic setting of the site area by analysis of the lithology, stratigraphy, structural geology, and tectonic history;
• the geologic conditions related to selection of the dam site like rock type, overburden, fractures, bedding which have a strong influence on the need for foundation treatment and costs;
• the characteristics of the foundation soils and rocks;
• other geologic conditions such as faults that may influence design, construction, and long term operation;
• seismicity and earthquake intensity of the project area; and
• the sources of construction material.

The Consultant shall: identify and geo-reference crucial soil and rock features, establish the engineering properties of rocks and soils, surficial deposits, and tectonic-structural patterns. The extent, depth, and type of exploration will depend on the complexity of the geology and size and type of dam as conceptualized by the Consultant.

Field Investigations will include but not limited to:

• exploratory trial pits for soil sampling and testing for engineering properties relevant for project design;
• foundation investigation of dam axis including the spillway (includes carrying out geophysical tests as needed, at selected intervals to obtain data on stratification and groundwater) around energy dissipation areas, intake areas, river diversion works and construction materials borrow areas;
• assessment of uncertainties arising from interpretation of geophysical results and their possible impacts on costs and site viability;
• preparation of geological profiles for the dam foundation, abutments, reservoir rim area and potential project command areas major structure sites, showing all the geological structures in place and inducing the potential permeability and stability;
• preparation of geological map of the reservoir floor and rim, drawn to sufficient detail commensurate with the feasibility level to permit identification and assessment of potential leakage paths;
• geo-reference possible sources of construction materials, and carry out tests to assess their engineering properties; and
• analysis of the tectonic/ seismic intensity of the area and recommend safety design measures (against sliding of dam slopes, settlements, sliding of abutments, liquefaction of foundations, cracking of dam body, loss of filter zones). Additional trial pits may be required to develop geologic correlations and to determine the type of dams suitable for the site.

The final output of this task will be a detailed report on the project geology/geotechnical aspects, with engineering properties for further use in the hydraulic and structural design of the dam.

Task 6-4: Preliminary Engineering Design for the dam and appurtenant structures

The Consultant shall:

• carry out structural and hydraulic designs of the various dam components including foundations and abutments, dam structure, spillways, energy dissipating works, retaining walls, seepage control and internal drainage systems, river diversion works, intake, bottom outlet and gates, outlet works, terminal works; electro-mechanical system and components, dam instrumentation considering both structural and hydraulic safety;
• prepare the layouts and drawings of the different project components using AutoCAD software;
• propose dam safety monitoring and management systems; and
• prepare a schedule of quantities in line with Civil Engineering Standard Methods of Measurement CESMM), for use in preliminary cost estimates and the economic and financial analysis; and
• prepare and participate in the international dam safety review panel (DSRP) reviews of the studies/designs, and take follow-up actions as required.

Formulation of Upstream Sustainable Land Management Actions

The task objective is to take stock of the baseline condition of the watersheds in the project areas and identify major erosion hotspots areas and interventions required to improve, protect and maintain the watershed in a healthy and sustainable manner. This will in turn address sedimentation risks related to future depletion of storage; abrasion of outlet structures and mechanical equipment and increment of loads on the dam in order to sustain the proposed infrastructure.

The Consultant should:

• identify/review watershed degradation hotspots in the catchments upstream;
• identify current interventions being applied to combat catchment degradation, funding sources and the organisations involved;
• using soils, climate and topographic characteristics delineate priority areas for rehabilitation and management using satellite imagery, GIS or other techniques in the watersheds;
• undertake a quick assessment of the current status of the watersheds based on an appropriate sample sub-catchment;
• consult the people living in the sample sub-catchment to understand their level of dependence on the resources of the watersheds;
• propose suitable soil, water and sustainable land conservation measures required to enhance the integrity and productive capacity of the watersheds; and
• undertake preliminary designs of measures for proposed upstream watershed improvement works to reduce erosion and sediment entry into the reservoir, which would consequently improve water yields. This information will be used to estimate the associated impacts on the watershed and for financial and economic analyses.

Environmental and Social Considerations - Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment

The Consultant will analyze the environmental and social aspects including land acquisition and resettlement sensitivities in each project area and, through the consideration of alternate project designs, develop project proposals that avoid or minimize potential adverse environmental impacts. Specifically, the Consultant should:

• assess environmental and social impacts that could make the project non-feasible or financeable, or result in costs likely to exceed the intended benefits when mitigation is taken into account;
• estimate the extent of resettlement and land and asset acquisition that would be associated with the project, and develop a preliminary concept of a development program for the area; and
• examine design alternatives such as changes in dam location, alignment, height, reservoir size, access road alignment, material sources (borrow areas), etc. and make comparison of such alternatives, in technical, economic, social and environmental terms, so that the best recommendations are passed on to the team members working on the engineering aspects for incorporation in the project designs.

The assessments will be guided by the national environmental including land acquisition and resettlement related legislation as well as World Bank safeguards.

The depth of the assessment will be sufficient to adequately inform the development of alternate project designs, the selection and justification of the preferred alternatives. Project alternatives that substantially convert or degrade important natural habitats should not be considered unless they include equivalent habitat restoration and maintenance within the project area or elsewhere.

A separate procurement for detailed Environmental and Social Assessment is being undertaken by the Client. The Consultant will coordinate his work with the Environmental and Social Assessment carried out under this separate consultancy and have feedback and incorporate the findings and recommendations of that study in this report.

Design features to avoid adverse impacts, minimize land acquisition and involuntary resettlement, or enhance environmental/natural resource services are to be clearly noted in the description of preferred project alternatives, with suitable maps. Acceptability of the final project design will depend not only on its technical and financial feasibility, but also on its environmental and social suitability, including transboundary considerations.

Assessing and Designing Agricultural Support Services

To support the design of interventions necessary assessment and design activities to be undertaken include but not limited to the following, taking a complementary approach:

• the margins of the Crop enterprises currently existing in the proposed command areas
• An analysis of best-bet crop enterprises based on their profitability, market opportunities, yield potential and suitability of environment
• Potential for crop intensification due to limited land access as a result of small holdings.
• An assessment of the existence of supportive infrastructure and institutions in regards to agricultural production, storage, processing and marketing.
• Analyze successful contract farming business models with existing business operators especially for seed multiplication and its potential in the proposed irrigation infrastructure.
• Identify successful public private partnerships business model with existing producer organization(s) with a view to replicating the model in the proposed irrigation scheme.
• Existence or ongoing legal and regulatory framework to support PPP and/or contract farming.
• Existing or proposed infrastructure development to support the storage, preservation, processing and transportation of fresh produce to the markets.
• An analysis of service delivery mechanisms and actors in regards to supporting farmers in accessing inputs, financial services (savings and credit), advice and markets
• A review of likely interventions required to ensure that targeted population obtains the intended benefits from irrigation. (e.g. issues of land, environment conservation); and
• Suggestion on how project shall obtain “buy in” from key stakeholders.

Institutional Assessment

The objective of this Task is to design institutional arrangements for the proposed project. The Consultant will assess institutional constraints and opportunities for efficient management of irrigated agricultural production in the project areas. This will cover

• assessment of the institutional capacity of local agencies supporting agriculture and delivering irrigation services;
• Existing gap within the legal and regulatory framework to support agricultural production within the irrigation schemes (Water for production).
• Legal and regulatory framework related to contract farming and PPP in agricultural production.
• Existence of commodity state corporations like the Uganda Coffee Development Authority (UCDA) established to support the production and marketing of the various commodities.
• assessment at the field level of the importance of and access to local groups and institutions for different socio-economic groups for both women and men;
• assessment of private sector involvement in the agriculture sector (particularly in rural finance, input supply, machine leasing, output storage, agro-processing, operation and maintenance (O&M) and marketing, including the role of cooperatives and farmers’ associations), and
• likely implementation and operation arrangements for the potential project(s) including but not limited to potential for Public-Private-Partnerships, organizing farmers in Irrigation Water Users Associations, formation of cooperative societies, etc. The Consultant will explore opportunities for various social groups (women and men), to participate in decision making processes. The institutional analysis will define the linkages with the current institutional set-up of the transboundary water management and recommend implementation arrangements.
• Undertaking irrigation service delivery business models (options/pathways) assessments and recommending best fit option for each scheme; and
• Undertaking irrigation water tariff assessment, based on analysis and stakeholder engagement and consultation, and recommending tariff level, schedule and collection and management mechanisms, taking into consideration of irrigation system O&M cost recovery, tariff affordability and wiliness to pay by the users.

Construction Plans and Implementation Scheduling

The Consultant shall establish construction schedules for the implementation of the dam, irrigation system, outlet works as well as other multipurpose infrastructures. Apart from the construction items of the earthworks and concrete works for the main structures these schedules shall include mobilisation, construction of access roads as well as routes to borrow areas, mapping and information on quantity and quality of borrow areas, establishment of the construction camp, provision of housing and transport facilities for supervising staff, construction packaging, work methods and preliminary labour force requirements. In the schedules the Critical Path Method shall be applied. Based on this the disbursement schedule of the project main components will be estimated as an input for the financial and economic analysis.

Preparation of Preliminary Cost Estimates and Benefits

The Consultant shall identify and value the costs and benefits that will arise with the proposed project for purposes of comparison with the situation as it would be without the project and determining the incremental net benefit arising from the project investment. This will involve preparation of financial cost estimates for the various project options and components with expenditure schedules for capital costs, replacement costs, O&M, management costs, etc. for all activities and services. A summary of the financial and economic cost estimates shall be provided in a tabular form and appropriately classified and discussed. All cost estimates must show the foreign and local currency requirements; taxes, subsidie

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